8 ways to identify a venomous snake, according to experts

There are dozens of snake species today, some of them potentially deadly . And knowing how to differentiate them can be a matter of safety. While not all snakes are dangerous, some possess venom that can cause serious health problems or even death if not acted upon quickly . Therefore, experts explained eight ways to identify if one of these reptiles is venomous.

National Geographic magazine states that some anatomical characteristics are common in venomous snakes, but these characteristics alone are not enough to identify all potentially dangerous ones. "In addition to these traits and the presence of the loreal fossula, there are also significant differences in behavior," they added. Among the eight signs to look out for are:

1. Triangular or arrowhead-shaped head One of the most recognizable characteristics of venomous snakes is their head shape. These snakes typically have a wide, triangular, or arrowhead-shaped head, a product of the venom glands located on the sides of the skull. This pattern is common in vipers such as the mapaná (Bothrops asper) and the rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.). However, there are non-venomous species that mimic this shape as a defense mechanism, so this trait should be evaluated alongside others.

2. Vertical pupils While many non-venomous snakes have round pupils, venomous species often have vertical pupils, similar to those of a cat . This trait is characteristic of vipers, although it does not apply to all dangerous species.

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3. Loreal pit or heat sensor Some venomous snakes, such as those in the Viperidae family (including rattlesnakes and mapanas), have a small slit between their eye and nostril known as the loreal pit. This sensory organ allows them to detect the heat of their prey, giving them great precision when attacking.

4. Warning Coloration Certain species of venomous snakes have bright color patterns that act as a warning signal to predators. In Colombia, the true coral snake (Micrurus spp.) is the best-known example. Its red, black, and yellow rings should distinguish it from those of false coral snakes, which are not venomous.

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5. Aggressive Defensive Behavior Venomous snakes tend to be more reactive when they feel threatened . Some species raise their heads in an "S" shape, hiss loudly, flatten their bodies, or vibrate their tails before attacking. If you observe this type of behavior, it's best to retreat slowly without provoking them.

6. Subcaudal scales in a single row This trait is more technical and refers to the arrangement of the scales under the tail. In many venomous snakes, these scales are arranged in a single row, while in non-venomous snakes they are usually in pairs.

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7. Warning Calls Rattlesnakes produce a distinctive rattle with their tails . Other species, such as some mapanás, also vibrate their tails against leaf litter to generate a warning sound.

8. Geographic and Local Knowledge Finally, snake identification must be accompanied by knowledge of the local fauna. Consulting regional guides, reports from the National Institute of Health, or speaking with local experts can make all the difference when confronting a snake.

What should I do if I find a snake?

According to National Geographic, you should take into account the following recommendations:

- Don't touch holes, cracks, or debris without protection. Use sticks or tools, never your bare hands.

- Wear gloves and closed shoes (preferably rubber boots) when cleaning or moving around affected areas.

- Carefully inspect your home upon returning. Check clothing, shoes, towels, and sheets before using them.

- Shake clothes and objects well before touching them.

- Do not attempt to capture or manipulate them

- Stay calm and avoid sudden movements if you are near one of these animals.